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We demonstrate the realization of a very low energy, on-the-eye vergence-type distance ranger based on sensing of a locally-uniform vector field, specifically the earth’s magnetic field. This ranging method is passive, only requiring measurement of the magnetic field vector at both eyeballs utilizing magnetometer chips placed on the eye scleral regions. The eye vergence angle and range distance are calculated from these two vector quantities. The method can obtain a range reading with as little as 118 nJ of energy consumed per eye for 3.3V and 50 nJ when operated at 1.9V. This method is thus suitable for applications where energy storage is very limited such as in smart contacts vision correcting microsystems. 

Neurotransmitters are involved in functions related to signaling, stress response, and pathological disorder development, and thus, their real-time monitoring at the site of production is important for observing the changes related to these disorders. Here, we demonstrate the first time-dependent quantification of dopamine in the brains of live zebrafish embryos using electrochemically pretreated carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) utilizing differential pulse voltammetry as the measurement technique. The pretreatment of the CFMEs in 0.1 M NaOH held at a potential of +1.0 V for 600 s improves the sensitivity toward dopamine and allows for reliable measurements in low ionic strength media. We demonstrate the measurement of extracellular dopamine concentrations in the zebrafish brain during late embryogenesis. The extracellular dopamine concentration in the tectum of zebrafish varies between 200 and 400 nM. The conventional pharmacological manipulation of neurotransmitter levels in the brain demonstrates the selective detection of dopamine at the implantation site. Exposure to the dopamine transporter inhibitor nomifensine induces an increase in extracellular dopamine from 201.9 (±34.9) nM to 352.2 (±20.0) nM, while exposure to the norepinephrine transporter inhibitor desipramine does not lead to a significant modulation of the measured signal. Furthermore, we report the quantitative assessment of the catecholamine stress response of embryos to tricaine, an anesthetic frequently used in zebrafish assays. Exposure to tricaine induces a short-lived increase in brain dopamine from 198.6 (±15.7) nM to a maximum of 278.8 (±14.0) nM. Thus, in vivo electrochemistry can detect real-time changes in zebrafish neurochemical physiology resulting from drug exposure. 

Recently, there has been a lot of interest in studying the transfer of assets across different blockchains in the form of cross-chain atomic swaps. Unfortunately, the current candidates of atomic swaps (hash-lock time contracts) offer no privacy; the identities as well as the exact trade that happened between any two parties is publicly visible. In this work, we explore the different notions of privacy that we can hope for in an atomic swap protocol. Concretely, we define an atomic swap as a two-party protocol and formalize the different notions of privacy in the form of anonymity, confidentiality and indistinguishability of swap transactions. As a building block, we abstract out the primitive of Atomic Release of Secrets ( ARS ) which captures atomic exchange of a secret for a pre-decided transaction. We then show how ARS can be used to build privacy-preserving cross-chain swaps. We also show that the recently introduced notion of adapter signatures [Poe18, War17] is a concrete instantiation of ARS under the framework of Schnorr signatures [Sch91] and thus, construct a private cross-chain swap using Schnorr signatures. 

Abstract The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a state-of-the-art facility for studying the strong force, is expected to begin commissioning its first experiments in 2028. This is an opportune time for artificial intelligence (AI) to be included from the start at this facility and in all phases that lead up to the experiments. The second annual workshop organized by the AI4EIC working group, which recently took place, centered on exploring all current and prospective application areas of AI for the EIC. This workshop is not only beneficial for the EIC, but also provides valuable insights for the newly established ePIC collaboration at EIC. This paper summarizes the different activities and R&D projects covered across the sessions of the workshop and provides an overview of the goals, approaches and strategies regarding AI/ML in the EIC community, as well as cutting-edge techniques currently studied in other experiments. 

Abstract The search for a dark photon holds considerable interest in the physics community. Such a force carrier would begin to illuminate the dark sector. Many experiments have searched for such a particle, but so far it has proven elusive. In recent years the concept of a low mass dark photon has gained popularity in the physics community. Of particular recent interest is the 8 Be and 4 He anomaly, which could be explained by a new fifth force carrier with a mass of 17 MeV/ c 2 . The proposed Darklight experiment would search for this potential low mass force carrier at ARIEL in the 10-20 MeV/ c 2 e + e − invariant mass range. This proceeding will focus on the experimental design and physics case of the Darklight experiment.